Sodium polyacrylate is a water soluble straight chain polymer, named as PAAS, and the structural formula is. It possess a series of excellent features such as strong heat resistance, high temperature resistance (~300oC), good viscosity and quality stability and so on. Ranged a broad molecular weight from hundreds to tens of millions for sodium polyacrylate, there is a very close relationship between the molecular weight of sodium polyacrylate and its properties, such as the anti-scaling agent: molecular weight of 700~1700; dispersant: molecular weight of 2000~10000; thickener: high molecular weight of 104~106; flocculating agent: high molecular weight of 106~107; and water absorbent: molecular weight of >107.

It always happens to the problem of inorganic salt deposition during the applied process of industrial circulating water, and the commonly method is use the water treatment agent to inhibit the formation of scale. The low molecular weight sodium polyacrylate, with excellent water-solubility and strong polar, can combine with Ca2+, Mg2+ and other metal ions through the effects of chelating, achieving the goal of dispersion, based on which, the sodium polyacrylate is an commonly water treatment scale inhibitor dispersing agent. For example, low molecular weight sodium polyacrylate has a good scale inhibition and dispersion effect on calcium ion, which can improve the tolerance of calcium ion. When Ca2+ concentration reaches a certain limit, there will be formed, the sodium polyacrylate can affect the formation of grain, lead to the porous structure, and effectively prevent the formation of calcium carbonate and other particles.

The molecular weight distribution of sodium polyacrylate has a great influence on its scale inhibition performance. With the decrease of the molecular weight of sodium polyacrylate, the scale inhibition performance is gradually enhanced. As a calcium carbonate scale inhibitor, the best relative molecular weight distribution range is 1000~1700, typically, the scale inhibition rate of calcium carbonate can up to 80% when the relative molecular weight is less than 1700.  

Sodium Polyacrylate is the homopolymer of low molecular polyacrylic acid and its salts. Free of phosphate, it can be used in situations of low or none content of phosphate. SL-PAAS can be used as high effective scale inhibitor for sugar processing. SL-PAAS obtains the scale inhibition effect by dispersing calcium carbonate or calcium sulfate in water system. SL-PAAS is an ordinary used dispersant, it can be used as scale inhibitor and dispersant in circulating cool water system, papermaking, woven and dyeing, ceramics and pigments.